Although Maria Oakey Dewing had shown an interest in figure painting early in her career, she turned her attention to flower painting following her marriage in 1881 to the artist Thomas Dewing. Her floral subjects were painted both indoors and outdoors in the garden she and her husband maintained at their summer home in Cornish, New Hampshire. Irises and Calla Lilies is remarkable for its fusion of intensely observed detail with decorative compositional elements, showing her awareness of Japanese art.